UST - Utility Systems Technologies, Inc.
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Industrial Power Conditioner and Voltage Regulator Guide


There are many types of power conditioner and voltage regulators for industrial and commercial applications. The table below details typical characteristics of four types of these power conditioners. Use the links on the left side to get explanations for each term. Feel free to contact us if you have any questions or need help with your power conditioning needs.

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Ferroresonant or Constant Voltage (CVT)
Transformer

Mechanical
Voltage
Regulator

Electronic
Voltage
Regulator

UST
Sure-Volt
(EVR)

Size

Up to 20 KVA

5 to 1,000 kVA

5 to 350 KVA

5 to 1,000+ KVA standard

Voltages

Up to 600v

Up to 600v

Up to 600v

Up to 600v

Application

Single phase

Single or three phase

Single or three phase

Single or three phase

Input Range

+10% to -25%

+10% to -20%

+10% to -25%

+10% to -25% standard
(other ranges available)

Output Regulation

±1 to 5%

±1%

±3 to 5%

±3% standard
(other ranges available)

Response Time

1 to 2 cycles typical

20 to 120+ cycles typical

1 to 3 cycles typical

1 cycle typical

Efficiency

<50 to 90%

95 to 98%

95 to 97%

96 to 99%

Minimum Load Requirement

None

None

Load may be required for proper operation

None

Load Power Factor Requirement

Should be close to unity for proper regulation

None

0.6 leading to 0.6 lagging

None
Works with any load

Overload Capacity

Output collapses above 150% of rated current

1000% -30 cycles
(high current may cause brush damage)

500% - 1 cycle

200% - 10 seconds

125% - 1 minute

1000% - 60 cycles

500% - 5 seconds

200% - 1 minute

Harmonic Distortion

3 to 12 %

Possible voltage notching on tap change

Varies by manufacturer

None Added

Surge Suppression

No

Optional

Optional

Standard

Line Isolation

Yes

No

Varies by manufacturer

Standard

Noise Attenuation

See Harmonic Distortion

No

Varies by manufacturer

High

Auto Bypass

No

No

No

Standard

(no loss of load)

Input Circuit Breaker

Optional

Optional

Optional

Standard

Maintenance

None

Requires regular maintenance

Cooling fans require regular maintenance

No fans – no scheduled maintenance

Special Sizing Considerations

Must size for load inrush current and power factor

None

Must size for load inrush current and power facto

None

Other Considerations

Sudden input voltage or load changes may cause output voltage problems

Brush arcing may result in output voltage transients

Frequent overload operation may lead to SCR failure

Easily programmable for additional features or controllability